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On this day

A collision between two passenger trains and a parked freight train near the city of Balasor, Odisha in eastern India, results in 296 deaths and more than 1,200 people injured.

2023

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Following a request from Ankara, the United Nations officially changes the name of the Republic of Turkey in the organization from what was previously known as "Turkey" to "Türkiye".

2022

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Telangana officially becomes the 29th state of India, formed from ten districts of northwestern Andhra Pradesh.

2014

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Former Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak is sentenced to life imprisonment for his role in the killing of demonstrators during the 2011 Egyptian revolution.

2012

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Twelve people are killed and eleven others injured in a spree shooting in Cumbria, England, before the perpetrator takes his own life.

2010

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Europe launches its first voyage to another planet, Mars. The European Space Agency's Mars Express probe launches from the Baikonur space center in Kazakhstan.

2003

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Space Shuttle Discovery is launched on STS-91, the final mission of the Shuttle-Mir program.

1998

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In Denver, Timothy McVeigh is convicted on 11 counts of murder and conspiracy for his role in the 1995 bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, in which 168 people died. He was executed four years later.

1997

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The Lower Ohio Valley tornado outbreak spawns 66 confirmed tornadoes in Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio, killing 12.

1990

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After an emergency landing because of an in-flight fire, twenty-three passengers aboard Air Canada Flight 797 are killed when a flashover occurs as the plane's doors open. Because of this incident, numerous new safety regulations are put in place.

1983

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Pope John Paul II starts his first official visit to his native Poland, becoming the first Pope to visit a Communist country.

1979

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Luis Monge is executed in Colorado's gas chamber, in the last pre-Furman execution in the United States.

1967

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Protests in West Berlin against the arrival of the Shah of Iran are brutally suppressed, during which Benno Ohnesorg is killed by a police officer. His death results in the founding of the terrorist group 2 June Movement.

1967

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Surveyor program: Surveyor 1 lands in Oceanus Procellarum on the Moon, becoming the first U.S. spacecraft to soft-land on another world.

1966

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The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) is formed.

1964

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During the FIFA World Cup, police intervene multiple times in fights between Chilean and Italian players in one of the most violent games in football history.

1962

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Aeronaves de México Flight 111 crashes on approach to Guadalajara International Airport, killing 45.

1958

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The USSR and Yugoslavia sign the Belgrade declaration and thus normalize relations between the two countries, discontinued since 1948.

1955

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The coronation of Queen Elizabeth II at Westminster Abbey becomes the first British coronation, and one of the first major international events, to be televised.

1953

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Birth of the Italian Republic: In a referendum, Italians vote to turn Italy from a monarchy into a Republic. After the referendum, King Umberto II of Italy is exiled.

1946

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World War II: German paratroopers murder Greek civilians in the villages of Kondomari and Alikianos.

1941

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U.S. President Calvin Coolidge signs the Indian Citizenship Act into law, granting citizenship to all Native Americans born within the territorial limits of the United States.

1924

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Anarchists simultaneously set off bombs in eight separate U.S. cities.

1919

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Charles Rolls, a co-founder of Rolls-Royce Limited, becomes the first man to make a non-stop double crossing of the English Channel by plane.

1910

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Alfred Deakin becomes Prime Minister of Australia for the third time.

1909

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Guglielmo Marconi applies for a patent for his wireless telegraph.

1896

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Nobiling assassination attempt by anarchist Karl Nobiling targeting the German Kaiser, Wilhelm I.

1878

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The Fenians defeat Canadian forces at Ridgeway and Fort Erie, but the raids end soon after.

1866

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The Slavic Congress opens in Prague.

1848

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Napoleonic Wars: A Franco-Spanish fleet recaptures from the British the island of Diamond Rock, which guards the entrance to the bay leading to Fort-de-France, Martinique.

1805

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French Revolution: François Hanriot, leader of the Parisian National Guard, arrests 22 Girondists selected by Jean-Paul Marat, setting the stage for the Reign of Terror.

1793

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The anti-Catholic Gordon Riots in London leave an estimated 300 to 700 people dead.

1780

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Intolerable Acts: The Quartering Act of 1774 is enacted, allowing a governor in colonial America to house British soldiers in uninhabited houses, outhouses, barns, or other buildings if suitable quarters are not provided.

1774

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Pontiac's Rebellion: At what is now Mackinaw City, Michigan, Chippewas capture Fort Michilimackinac by diverting the garrison's attention with a game of lacrosse, then chasing a ball into the fort.

1763

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Bridget Bishop is the first person to be tried for witchcraft in Salem, Massachusetts; she is found guilty the same day and hanged on June 10.

1692

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Franco-Dutch War: France ensures the supremacy of its naval fleet for the remainder of the war with its victory in the Battle of Palermo.

1676

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The first Récollet missionaries arrive at Quebec City, from Rouen, France.

1615

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The Colony of Virginia gets a charter, extending borders from "sea to sea".

1608

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Wedding of Manfred, King of Sicily, and Byzantine princess Helena Angelina Doukaina.

1259

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First Crusade: The first Siege of Antioch ends as Crusader forces take the city; the second siege began five days later.

1098

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Pope Benedict I is consecrated after obtaining imperial approval from Constantinople.

575

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Sack of Rome: Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks.

455

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Sima Zhao's regicide of Cao Mao: The figurehead Wei emperor Cao Mao personally leads an attempt to oust his regent, Sima Zhao; the attempted coup is crushed and the emperor killed.

260

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Top Stories from Hacker News

Why Janet? (2023)

I never thought it could happen to me. I mean, parentheses? In this day and age? But for the past couple years, my go-to programming language for fun side projects has been a little Lisp dialect called Janet. (print "hey janet") I like Janet so much that I wrote an entire book about it, and put it on The Internet for free, in the hopes of attracting more Janetors to the language. I think you should read it, but I know that you don’t believe me, so I’m going to try to convince you. Here’s my attempt at a sales pitch: here is why you – you of all people – should give Janet a chance.

173 points

71 comments

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You Don't Love Systemd Timers Enough

A cron job for every man, woman, and child.

5 points

1 comments

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CQL: Categorical Databases

Conexus CQL

55 points

14 comments

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Webcam head tracking, webcam to control in‑game FOV

OpenFOV uses your webcam to control iRacing's in-game FOV. Unlocks VR-style functionality for your monitor!

10 points

10 comments

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Debug Project

Bad mosquitoes spread disease. Good mosquitoes stop them. We're using technology to raise and release good mosquitoes.

236 points

95 comments

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The newest Instagram “exploit” is the goofiest I've seen

1896 points

431 comments

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CS336: Language Modeling from Scratch

Official course website for Stanford CS336: Language Modeling from Scratch (Spring 2026), including logistics, schedule, assignments, and course materials.

491 points

48 comments

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Should you normalize RGB values by 255 or 256?

281 points

118 comments

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CSS-Native Parallax Effect

A parallax effect built entirely in CSS with scroll-driven animations, no scroll listeners required.

42 points

19 comments

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macOS needs its grid back

Two decades ago I had a better Mac desktop experience than I have today. I only had a single low res (by todays standards) screen, yet I felt like Hugh Jackman in Swordfish - deftly navigating more than nine displays without thinking, muscle and spatial memory working seamlessly together. TLDR; I built an app to return macOS spaces to its Pre-Lion Grid-enabled Glory. Read on for the increasingly rare experience of an actual human dropping a bit of nostalgia, the thinking behind why make this and some issues encountered along the way.

288 points

169 comments

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Adafruit Receives Demand Letter from Fenwick Legal Counsel on Behalf of Flux.ai

134 points

44 comments

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Great Question (YC W21) Is Hiring Applied AI Interns

About Great Question: Great Question is the all-in-one AI customer research platform for understanding your customers. Our platform enables teams to recruit participants, run research, and share insights – all in one place. Backed by world-class investors and trusted by industry-leading teams like Gusto, Experian, Canva, and Brex, we’re building the future of customer research. We believe AI is a multiplier for creativity, speed, and scale. Everyone on the team is encouraged to lean into AI, not just to be more efficient, but to push boundaries and unlock new possibilities. Whether you’re writing, designing, coding, or analyzing, we expect you to explore how AI can elevate your craft. Our culture is built on high trust, high agency, and

1 points

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How is Groq raising more money?

Somehow, Palpatine returned.

120 points

54 comments

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Fooling around with encrypted reasoning blobs

This is a quick post I wanted to write about a hobby project I spent a weekend on. It has little to do with real cryptography, and mostly doesn't expose a particularly exciting vulnerability. But it did teach me a lot about frontier LLM APIs and coding agents. It also got me certified as an…

104 points

18 comments

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Microsoft builds MacBook Pro rival with NVIDIA-powered Surface Laptop Ultra

Microsoft launches the Surface Laptop Ultra with an NVIDIA RTX Spark chip and 128GB unified memory to challenge Apple MacBook Pro dominance.

233 points

489 comments

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Can the stockmarket swallow Anthropic, SpaceX and OpenAI?

SpaceX, Anthropic and OpenAI plan initial public offerings that could collectively raise $200bn and add $4trn to American stockmarket capitalisation. | Finance & economics

435 points

755 comments

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OpenAI frontier models and Codex are now available on AWS

OpenAI frontier models and Codex are now generally available on AWS, giving enterprises a new path to build with OpenAI through the AWS environments, controls, and procurement workflows they already use. Customers can get started with OpenAI on AWS and move faster from evaluation to production.

293 points

103 comments

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AI Agent Guidelines for CS336 at Stanford

Student version of Assignment 1 for Stanford CS336 - Language Modeling From Scratch - assignment1-basics/CLAUDE.md at main · stanford-cs336/assignment1-basics

435 points

140 comments

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Chipotlai Max

The AI coding agent that runs on stolen Chipotle compute 🌯 Fork of OpenCode with Pepper AI as default model. Community project to add providers from Home Depot, Lowes, Target, Starbucks & more. - cyberpapiii/chipotlai-max

262 points

39 comments

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Muxcard, a dyi credit card size computer

A literal credit-card sized computer with E-Paper display, ESP32 and NFC. - krauseler/muxcard

90 points

28 comments

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