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On this day

Hurricane Irene strikes the United States east coast, killing 47 and causing an estimated $15.6 billion in damage.

2011

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Internal conflict in Myanmar: The Burmese military junta and ethnic armies begin three days of violent clashes in the Kokang Special Region.

2009

view article

Comair Flight 5191 crashes on takeoff from Blue Grass Airport in Lexington, Kentucky, bound for Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport in Atlanta. Of the passengers and crew, 49 of 50 are confirmed dead in the hours following the crash.

2006

view article

Mars makes its closest approach to Earth in nearly 60,000 years, passing 34,646,418 miles (55,758,005 km) distant.

2003

view article

The first six-party talks, involving South and North Korea, the United States, China, Japan and Russia, convene to find a peaceful resolution to the security concerns of the North Korean nuclear weapons program.

2003

view article

Aeroflot Flight 2808 crashes in Lebyazhy Lug during approach to Ivanovo Yuzhny Airport, killing all 84 aboard.

1992

view article

The European Community recognizes the independence of the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

1991

view article

Moldova declares independence from the USSR.

1991

view article

Major General Muhammadu Buhari, Chairman of the Supreme Military Council of Nigeria, is ousted from power in a coup d'état led by Major General Ibrahim Babangida.

1985

view article

Space Shuttle Discovery is launched on STS-51-I to deploy three communication satellites and repair a fourth malfunctioning one.

1985

view article

Turkish military diplomat Colonel Atilla Altıkat is shot and killed in Ottawa. Justice Commandos of the Armenian Genocide claim to be avenging the massacre of 1+1⁄2 million Armenians in the 1915 Armenian genocide.

1982

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South Korean presidential election: After successfully staging the Coup d'état of May Seventeenth, General Chun Doo-hwan, running unopposed, has the National Conference for Unification elect him President of the Fourth Republic of Korea.

1980

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The Troubles: Eighteen British soldiers are killed at the Warrenpoint ambush by the Provisional Irish Republican Army near Warrenpoint, Northern Ireland, in the deadliest attack on British forces during Operation Banner. An IRA bomb also kills British royal family member Lord Mountbatten and three others on his boat at Mullaghmore, Republic of Ireland.

1979

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The Governor of Portuguese Timor abandons its capital, Dili, and flees to Atauro Island, leaving control to a rebel group.

1975

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An attempted coup d'état fails in the African nation of Chad. The Government of Chad accuses Egypt of playing a role in the attempt and breaks off diplomatic relations.

1971

view article

South Vietnamese junta leader Nguyễn Khánh enters into a triumvirate power-sharing arrangement with rival generals Trần Thiện Khiêm and Dương Văn Minh, who had both been involved in plots to unseat Khánh.

1964

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An explosion at the Cane Creek potash mine near Moab, Utah kills 18 miners.

1963

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The Mariner 2 unmanned space mission is launched to Venus by NASA.

1962

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The nuclear power station at Calder Hall in the United Kingdom was connected to the national power grid becoming the world's first commercial nuclear power station to generate electricity on an industrial scale.

1956

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The first edition of the Guinness Book of Records is published in Great Britain.

1955

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World War II: Japanese forces evacuate New Georgia Island in the Pacific Theater of Operations during World War II.

1943

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World War II: Aerial bombardment by the Luftwaffe razes to the ground the village of Vorizia in Crete.

1943

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First day of the Sarny Massacre, perpetrated by German military forces.

1942

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First flight of the turbojet-powered Heinkel He 178, the world's first jet aircraft.

1939

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The first Afrikaans Bible is introduced during a Bible Festival in Bloemfontein.

1933

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The Kellogg–Briand Pact outlawing war is signed by fifteen nations. Ultimately sixty-one nations will sign it.

1928

view article

Five Canadian women file a petition to the Supreme Court of Canada, asking: "Does the word 'Persons' in Section 24 of the British North America Act, 1867, include female persons?"

1927

view article

Greco-Turkish War: The Turkish army takes the Aegean city of Afyonkarahisar from the Kingdom of Greece.

1922

view article

Mexican Revolution: Battle of Ambos Nogales: U.S. Army forces skirmish against Mexican Carrancistas as part of the Mexican Border War.

1918

view article

World War I: The Kingdom of Romania declares war on Austria-Hungary, entering the war as one of the Allied nations.

1916

view article

Attempted assassination of Bishop Patrick Heffron, bishop of the Diocese of Winona, by Rev. Louis M. Lesches.

1915

view article

World War I: Battle of Étreux: A British rearguard action by the Royal Munster Fusiliers during the Great Retreat.

1914

view article

World War I: Siege of Tsingtao: A Japanese fleet commanded by Vice Admiral Sadakichi Kato imposes a blockade along the whole coastline of German Tsingtao, initiating the Siege of Tsingtao.

1914

view article

The Qing dynasty promulgates the Qinding Xianfa Dagang, the first constitutional document in the history of China, transforming the Qing empire into a constitutional monarchy.

1908

view article

Anglo-Zanzibar War: The shortest war in world history (09:02 to 09:40), between the United Kingdom and Zanzibar.

1896

view article

Japanese invasion of Taiwan: Battle of Baguashan: The Empire of Japan decisively defeats a smaller Formosan army at Changhua, crippling the short-lived Republic of Formosa and leading to its surrender two months later.

1895

view article

The Sea Islands hurricane strikes the United States near Savannah, Georgia, killing between 1,000 and 2,000 people.

1893

view article

Eruption of Krakatoa: Four enormous explosions almost completely destroy the island of Krakatoa and cause years of climate change.

1883

view article

The Georgia hurricane makes landfall near Savannah, Georgia, resulting in an estimated 700 deaths.

1881

view article

Petroleum is discovered in Titusville, Pennsylvania, leading to the world's first commercially successful oil well.

1859

view article

Black Hawk, leader of the Sauk tribe of Native Americans, surrenders to U.S. authorities, ending the Black Hawk War.

1832

view article

Brazil and Argentina recognize the sovereignty of Uruguay in the Treaty of Montevideo.

1828

view article

French Emperor Napoleon I defeats a larger force of Austrians, Russians, and Prussians at the Battle of Dresden.

1813

view article

Napoleonic Wars: The French Navy defeats the British Royal Navy, preventing them from taking the harbour of Grand Port on Île de France.

1810

view article

Wolfe Tone's United Irish and French forces clash with the British Army in the Battle of Castlebar, part of the Irish Rebellion of 1798, resulting in the creation of the French puppet Republic of Connacht.

1798

view article

French Revolutionary Wars: The city of Toulon revolts against the French Republic and admits the British and Spanish fleets to seize its port, leading to the Siege of Toulon by French Revolutionary forces.

1793

view article

French Revolution: Frederick William II of Prussia and Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor, issue the Declaration of Pillnitz, declaring the joint support of the Holy Roman Empire and Prussia for the French monarchy, agitating the French revolutionaries and contributing to the outbreak of the War of the First Coalition.

1791

view article

American Revolutionary War: British forces under General William Howe flank and defeat the Continental Army under General George Washington during the Battle of Long Island, with the 1st Maryland Regiment sustaining heavy casualties to cover retreating American troops.

1776

view article

The Treaty of Nerchinsk is signed by Russia and the Qing Empire (Julian calendar).

1689

view article

Ishida Mitsunari's Western Army commences the Siege of Fushimi Castle, which is lightly defended by a much smaller Tokugawa garrison led by Torii Mototada.

1600

view article

Jeongyu War: Battle of Chilcheollyang: A Japanese fleet of 500 ships destroys Joseon commander Wŏn Kyun's fleet of 200 ships at Chilcheollyang.

1597

view article

Pierre Barrière failed in an attempt to assassinate Henry IV of France.

1593

view article

The Battle of St. Quentin results in Emmanuel Philibert becoming Duke of Savoy.

1557

view article

War of the Straits and Sardinian–Aragonese war: The Battle of Alghero results in a crushing victory of the allied Aragonese and Venetian fleet over the Genoese fleet, most of which is captured.

1353

view article

Shikken Hojo Yasutoki of the Kamakura shogunate promulgates the Goseibai Shikimoku, the first Japanese legal code governing the samurai class.

1232

view article

Henry the Young King and Margaret of France are crowned junior king and queen of England.

1172

view article

The sacking of Rome by the Visigoths ends after three days.

410

view article

On this day

Hurricane Irene strikes the United States east coast, killing 47 and causing an estimated $15.6 billion in damage.

2011

view article

Internal conflict in Myanmar: The Burmese military junta and ethnic armies begin three days of violent clashes in the Kokang Special Region.

2009

view article

Comair Flight 5191 crashes on takeoff from Blue Grass Airport in Lexington, Kentucky, bound for Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport in Atlanta. Of the passengers and crew, 49 of 50 are confirmed dead in the hours following the crash.

2006

view article

Mars makes its closest approach to Earth in nearly 60,000 years, passing 34,646,418 miles (55,758,005 km) distant.

2003

view article

The first six-party talks, involving South and North Korea, the United States, China, Japan and Russia, convene to find a peaceful resolution to the security concerns of the North Korean nuclear weapons program.

2003

view article

Aeroflot Flight 2808 crashes in Lebyazhy Lug during approach to Ivanovo Yuzhny Airport, killing all 84 aboard.

1992

view article

The European Community recognizes the independence of the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

1991

view article

Moldova declares independence from the USSR.

1991

view article

Major General Muhammadu Buhari, Chairman of the Supreme Military Council of Nigeria, is ousted from power in a coup d'état led by Major General Ibrahim Babangida.

1985

view article

Space Shuttle Discovery is launched on STS-51-I to deploy three communication satellites and repair a fourth malfunctioning one.

1985

view article

Turkish military diplomat Colonel Atilla Altıkat is shot and killed in Ottawa. Justice Commandos of the Armenian Genocide claim to be avenging the massacre of 1+1⁄2 million Armenians in the 1915 Armenian genocide.

1982

view article

South Korean presidential election: After successfully staging the Coup d'état of May Seventeenth, General Chun Doo-hwan, running unopposed, has the National Conference for Unification elect him President of the Fourth Republic of Korea.

1980

view article

The Troubles: Eighteen British soldiers are killed at the Warrenpoint ambush by the Provisional Irish Republican Army near Warrenpoint, Northern Ireland, in the deadliest attack on British forces during Operation Banner. An IRA bomb also kills British royal family member Lord Mountbatten and three others on his boat at Mullaghmore, Republic of Ireland.

1979

view article

The Governor of Portuguese Timor abandons its capital, Dili, and flees to Atauro Island, leaving control to a rebel group.

1975

view article

An attempted coup d'état fails in the African nation of Chad. The Government of Chad accuses Egypt of playing a role in the attempt and breaks off diplomatic relations.

1971

view article

South Vietnamese junta leader Nguyễn Khánh enters into a triumvirate power-sharing arrangement with rival generals Trần Thiện Khiêm and Dương Văn Minh, who had both been involved in plots to unseat Khánh.

1964

view article

An explosion at the Cane Creek potash mine near Moab, Utah kills 18 miners.

1963

view article

The Mariner 2 unmanned space mission is launched to Venus by NASA.

1962

view article

The nuclear power station at Calder Hall in the United Kingdom was connected to the national power grid becoming the world's first commercial nuclear power station to generate electricity on an industrial scale.

1956

view article

The first edition of the Guinness Book of Records is published in Great Britain.

1955

view article

World War II: Japanese forces evacuate New Georgia Island in the Pacific Theater of Operations during World War II.

1943

view article

World War II: Aerial bombardment by the Luftwaffe razes to the ground the village of Vorizia in Crete.

1943

view article

First day of the Sarny Massacre, perpetrated by German military forces.

1942

view article

First flight of the turbojet-powered Heinkel He 178, the world's first jet aircraft.

1939

view article

The first Afrikaans Bible is introduced during a Bible Festival in Bloemfontein.

1933

view article

The Kellogg–Briand Pact outlawing war is signed by fifteen nations. Ultimately sixty-one nations will sign it.

1928

view article

Five Canadian women file a petition to the Supreme Court of Canada, asking: "Does the word 'Persons' in Section 24 of the British North America Act, 1867, include female persons?"

1927

view article

Greco-Turkish War: The Turkish army takes the Aegean city of Afyonkarahisar from the Kingdom of Greece.

1922

view article

Mexican Revolution: Battle of Ambos Nogales: U.S. Army forces skirmish against Mexican Carrancistas as part of the Mexican Border War.

1918

view article

World War I: The Kingdom of Romania declares war on Austria-Hungary, entering the war as one of the Allied nations.

1916

view article

Attempted assassination of Bishop Patrick Heffron, bishop of the Diocese of Winona, by Rev. Louis M. Lesches.

1915

view article

World War I: Battle of Étreux: A British rearguard action by the Royal Munster Fusiliers during the Great Retreat.

1914

view article

World War I: Siege of Tsingtao: A Japanese fleet commanded by Vice Admiral Sadakichi Kato imposes a blockade along the whole coastline of German Tsingtao, initiating the Siege of Tsingtao.

1914

view article

The Qing dynasty promulgates the Qinding Xianfa Dagang, the first constitutional document in the history of China, transforming the Qing empire into a constitutional monarchy.

1908

view article

Anglo-Zanzibar War: The shortest war in world history (09:02 to 09:40), between the United Kingdom and Zanzibar.

1896

view article

Japanese invasion of Taiwan: Battle of Baguashan: The Empire of Japan decisively defeats a smaller Formosan army at Changhua, crippling the short-lived Republic of Formosa and leading to its surrender two months later.

1895

view article

The Sea Islands hurricane strikes the United States near Savannah, Georgia, killing between 1,000 and 2,000 people.

1893

view article

Eruption of Krakatoa: Four enormous explosions almost completely destroy the island of Krakatoa and cause years of climate change.

1883

view article

The Georgia hurricane makes landfall near Savannah, Georgia, resulting in an estimated 700 deaths.

1881

view article

Petroleum is discovered in Titusville, Pennsylvania, leading to the world's first commercially successful oil well.

1859

view article

Black Hawk, leader of the Sauk tribe of Native Americans, surrenders to U.S. authorities, ending the Black Hawk War.

1832

view article

Brazil and Argentina recognize the sovereignty of Uruguay in the Treaty of Montevideo.

1828

view article

French Emperor Napoleon I defeats a larger force of Austrians, Russians, and Prussians at the Battle of Dresden.

1813

view article

Napoleonic Wars: The French Navy defeats the British Royal Navy, preventing them from taking the harbour of Grand Port on Île de France.

1810

view article

Wolfe Tone's United Irish and French forces clash with the British Army in the Battle of Castlebar, part of the Irish Rebellion of 1798, resulting in the creation of the French puppet Republic of Connacht.

1798

view article

French Revolutionary Wars: The city of Toulon revolts against the French Republic and admits the British and Spanish fleets to seize its port, leading to the Siege of Toulon by French Revolutionary forces.

1793

view article

French Revolution: Frederick William II of Prussia and Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor, issue the Declaration of Pillnitz, declaring the joint support of the Holy Roman Empire and Prussia for the French monarchy, agitating the French revolutionaries and contributing to the outbreak of the War of the First Coalition.

1791

view article

American Revolutionary War: British forces under General William Howe flank and defeat the Continental Army under General George Washington during the Battle of Long Island, with the 1st Maryland Regiment sustaining heavy casualties to cover retreating American troops.

1776

view article

The Treaty of Nerchinsk is signed by Russia and the Qing Empire (Julian calendar).

1689

view article

Ishida Mitsunari's Western Army commences the Siege of Fushimi Castle, which is lightly defended by a much smaller Tokugawa garrison led by Torii Mototada.

1600

view article

Jeongyu War: Battle of Chilcheollyang: A Japanese fleet of 500 ships destroys Joseon commander Wŏn Kyun's fleet of 200 ships at Chilcheollyang.

1597

view article

Pierre Barrière failed in an attempt to assassinate Henry IV of France.

1593

view article

The Battle of St. Quentin results in Emmanuel Philibert becoming Duke of Savoy.

1557

view article

War of the Straits and Sardinian–Aragonese war: The Battle of Alghero results in a crushing victory of the allied Aragonese and Venetian fleet over the Genoese fleet, most of which is captured.

1353

view article

Shikken Hojo Yasutoki of the Kamakura shogunate promulgates the Goseibai Shikimoku, the first Japanese legal code governing the samurai class.

1232

view article

Henry the Young King and Margaret of France are crowned junior king and queen of England.

1172

view article

The sacking of Rome by the Visigoths ends after three days.

410

view article

U.S. State Department pauses immigrant visa applications

370 points

542 comments

discussion source

Mechanical Turk shutting down September 30

211 points

70 comments

discussion source

Stripe acquires Clerky

We're happy to announce that Clerky has agreed to join Stripe!

109 points

21 comments

discussion source

Zohran and the Short Link

I’m a big fan of the Zohran Mamdani administration.

141 points

44 comments

discussion source

Laion Big Video Dataset

LAION Big Video Dataset - A 10-Million-Hour Open Video Dataset for Multimodal Pre-training

27 points

2 comments

discussion source

An ongoing 3D-printer AGPL violation

347 points

155 comments

discussion source

Kusama Yayoi Dies at 97

カラフルな水玉や網目模様を描いた作品で世界的に評価され、カボチャのオブジェでも知られる前衛芸術家で文...

82 points

6 comments

discussion source

Asahi Linux Progress Report: Linux 7.2

150 points

35 comments

discussion source

Worst-case glacial lake flood scenarios in a transboundary Himalayan basin 2022

101 points

45 comments

discussion source

CoMaps: The Offline App That Guided Rescuers Without a Signal in Venezuela

216 points

48 comments

discussion source

Actinide is first startup to produce high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU)

Actinide becomes the first startup to enrich natural uranium into HALEU, advancing a secure, scalable fuel supply for next-generation nuclear reactors.

144 points

76 comments

discussion source

Nvidia agrees to acquire Hugging Face for $13B

Nvidia has held talks to acquire Hugging Face for more than $13 billion as the chip giant expands its AI dealmaking.

548 points

238 comments

discussion source

GLM-5.3-Flash

934 points

470 comments

discussion source

Qwen3.8-Flash-Next

Qwen Studio offers comprehensive functionality spanning chatbot, image and video understanding, image generation, document processing, web search integration, tool utilization, and artifacts.

650 points

212 comments

discussion source

Twitter Viewer – View Twitter Without Account

Twitter Viewer to browse any public Twitter profile and tweets without login. View X profiles, photos, videos anonymously. No account required.

357 points

169 comments

discussion source

AWS Acquires DuckLabs

DuckLabs provides services around the DuckDB in-process OLAP data management system directly from its main developers.

1008 points

298 comments

discussion source

Tailcat – Like netcat, but over Tailscale’s data plane

like netcat, but over Tailscale's data plane, without Tailscale's control plane - tailscale/tailcat

507 points

94 comments

discussion source

CEO fired developers to make room for AI. Developers create open source AI CEO

AI-powered virtual executive team — a single coherent executive persona backed by 8 specialist Claude agents (FastAPI + Next.js). - SenteLabsAI/OpenExecutive

216 points

134 comments

discussion source

The Hugging Face incident and the road ahead

OpenAI shares findings from the Hugging Face security incident and the steps we’re taking to strengthen AI model security, monitoring, and alignment.

210 points

255 comments

discussion source

GitHub Outage Tracker: Is GitHub Cooked?

Track GitHub service incidents and outages. Real-time stats, incident history, and downtime analytics.

206 points

129 comments

discussion source

Top Stories from Hacker News

U.S. State Department pauses immigrant visa applications

Mechanical Turk shutting down September 30

Stripe acquires Clerky

Zohran and the Short Link

Laion Big Video Dataset

An ongoing 3D-printer AGPL violation

Kusama Yayoi Dies at 97

Asahi Linux Progress Report: Linux 7.2

Worst-case glacial lake flood scenarios in a transboundary Himalayan basin 2022

CoMaps: The Offline App That Guided Rescuers Without a Signal in Venezuela

Actinide is first startup to produce high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU)

Nvidia agrees to acquire Hugging Face for $13B

GLM-5.3-Flash

Qwen3.8-Flash-Next

Twitter Viewer – View Twitter Without Account

AWS Acquires DuckLabs

Tailcat – Like netcat, but over Tailscale’s data plane

CEO fired developers to make room for AI. Developers create open source AI CEO

The Hugging Face incident and the road ahead

GitHub Outage Tracker: Is GitHub Cooked?

On this day

Hurricane Irene strikes the United States east coast, killing 47 and causing an estimated $15.6 billion in damage.

Internal conflict in Myanmar: The Burmese military junta and ethnic armies begin three days of violent clashes in the Kokang Special Region.

Comair Flight 5191 crashes on takeoff from Blue Grass Airport in Lexington, Kentucky, bound for Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport in Atlanta. Of the passengers and crew, 49 of 50 are confirmed dead in the hours following the crash.

Mars makes its closest approach to Earth in nearly 60,000 years, passing 34,646,418 miles (55,758,005 km) distant.

The first six-party talks, involving South and North Korea, the United States, China, Japan and Russia, convene to find a peaceful resolution to the security concerns of the North Korean nuclear weapons program.

Aeroflot Flight 2808 crashes in Lebyazhy Lug during approach to Ivanovo Yuzhny Airport, killing all 84 aboard.

The European Community recognizes the independence of the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

Moldova declares independence from the USSR.

Major General Muhammadu Buhari, Chairman of the Supreme Military Council of Nigeria, is ousted from power in a coup d'état led by Major General Ibrahim Babangida.

Space Shuttle Discovery is launched on STS-51-I to deploy three communication satellites and repair a fourth malfunctioning one.

Turkish military diplomat Colonel Atilla Altıkat is shot and killed in Ottawa. Justice Commandos of the Armenian Genocide claim to be avenging the massacre of 1+1⁄2 million Armenians in the 1915 Armenian genocide.

South Korean presidential election: After successfully staging the Coup d'état of May Seventeenth, General Chun Doo-hwan, running unopposed, has the National Conference for Unification elect him President of the Fourth Republic of Korea.

The Governor of Portuguese Timor abandons its capital, Dili, and flees to Atauro Island, leaving control to a rebel group.

An attempted coup d'état fails in the African nation of Chad. The Government of Chad accuses Egypt of playing a role in the attempt and breaks off diplomatic relations.

South Vietnamese junta leader Nguyễn Khánh enters into a triumvirate power-sharing arrangement with rival generals Trần Thiện Khiêm and Dương Văn Minh, who had both been involved in plots to unseat Khánh.

An explosion at the Cane Creek potash mine near Moab, Utah kills 18 miners.

The Mariner 2 unmanned space mission is launched to Venus by NASA.

The nuclear power station at Calder Hall in the United Kingdom was connected to the national power grid becoming the world's first commercial nuclear power station to generate electricity on an industrial scale.

The first edition of the Guinness Book of Records is published in Great Britain.

World War II: Japanese forces evacuate New Georgia Island in the Pacific Theater of Operations during World War II.

World War II: Aerial bombardment by the Luftwaffe razes to the ground the village of Vorizia in Crete.

First day of the Sarny Massacre, perpetrated by German military forces.

First flight of the turbojet-powered Heinkel He 178, the world's first jet aircraft.

The first Afrikaans Bible is introduced during a Bible Festival in Bloemfontein.

The Kellogg–Briand Pact outlawing war is signed by fifteen nations. Ultimately sixty-one nations will sign it.

Five Canadian women file a petition to the Supreme Court of Canada, asking: "Does the word 'Persons' in Section 24 of the British North America Act, 1867, include female persons?"

Greco-Turkish War: The Turkish army takes the Aegean city of Afyonkarahisar from the Kingdom of Greece.

Mexican Revolution: Battle of Ambos Nogales: U.S. Army forces skirmish against Mexican Carrancistas as part of the Mexican Border War.

World War I: The Kingdom of Romania declares war on Austria-Hungary, entering the war as one of the Allied nations.

Attempted assassination of Bishop Patrick Heffron, bishop of the Diocese of Winona, by Rev. Louis M. Lesches.

World War I: Battle of Étreux: A British rearguard action by the Royal Munster Fusiliers during the Great Retreat.

World War I: Siege of Tsingtao: A Japanese fleet commanded by Vice Admiral Sadakichi Kato imposes a blockade along the whole coastline of German Tsingtao, initiating the Siege of Tsingtao.

The Qing dynasty promulgates the Qinding Xianfa Dagang, the first constitutional document in the history of China, transforming the Qing empire into a constitutional monarchy.

Anglo-Zanzibar War: The shortest war in world history (09:02 to 09:40), between the United Kingdom and Zanzibar.

Japanese invasion of Taiwan: Battle of Baguashan: The Empire of Japan decisively defeats a smaller Formosan army at Changhua, crippling the short-lived Republic of Formosa and leading to its surrender two months later.

The Sea Islands hurricane strikes the United States near Savannah, Georgia, killing between 1,000 and 2,000 people.

Eruption of Krakatoa: Four enormous explosions almost completely destroy the island of Krakatoa and cause years of climate change.

The Georgia hurricane makes landfall near Savannah, Georgia, resulting in an estimated 700 deaths.

Petroleum is discovered in Titusville, Pennsylvania, leading to the world's first commercially successful oil well.

Black Hawk, leader of the Sauk tribe of Native Americans, surrenders to U.S. authorities, ending the Black Hawk War.

Brazil and Argentina recognize the sovereignty of Uruguay in the Treaty of Montevideo.

French Emperor Napoleon I defeats a larger force of Austrians, Russians, and Prussians at the Battle of Dresden.

Napoleonic Wars: The French Navy defeats the British Royal Navy, preventing them from taking the harbour of Grand Port on Île de France.

Wolfe Tone's United Irish and French forces clash with the British Army in the Battle of Castlebar, part of the Irish Rebellion of 1798, resulting in the creation of the French puppet Republic of Connacht.

French Revolutionary Wars: The city of Toulon revolts against the French Republic and admits the British and Spanish fleets to seize its port, leading to the Siege of Toulon by French Revolutionary forces.

American Revolutionary War: British forces under General William Howe flank and defeat the Continental Army under General George Washington during the Battle of Long Island, with the 1st Maryland Regiment sustaining heavy casualties to cover retreating American troops.

The Treaty of Nerchinsk is signed by Russia and the Qing Empire (Julian calendar).

Ishida Mitsunari's Western Army commences the Siege of Fushimi Castle, which is lightly defended by a much smaller Tokugawa garrison led by Torii Mototada.

Jeongyu War: Battle of Chilcheollyang: A Japanese fleet of 500 ships destroys Joseon commander Wŏn Kyun's fleet of 200 ships at Chilcheollyang.

Pierre Barrière failed in an attempt to assassinate Henry IV of France.

The Battle of St. Quentin results in Emmanuel Philibert becoming Duke of Savoy.

War of the Straits and Sardinian–Aragonese war: The Battle of Alghero results in a crushing victory of the allied Aragonese and Venetian fleet over the Genoese fleet, most of which is captured.

Shikken Hojo Yasutoki of the Kamakura shogunate promulgates the Goseibai Shikimoku, the first Japanese legal code governing the samurai class.

Henry the Young King and Margaret of France are crowned junior king and queen of England.

The sacking of Rome by the Visigoths ends after three days.

On this day

Hurricane Irene strikes the United States east coast, killing 47 and causing an estimated $15.6 billion in damage.

Internal conflict in Myanmar: The Burmese military junta and ethnic armies begin three days of violent clashes in the Kokang Special Region.