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On this day

Violence and low turnout mar the 2019 Afghan presidential election.

2019

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Eleven days after the Uri attack, the Indian Army conducts "surgical strikes" against suspected militants in Pakistani-administered Kashmir.

2016

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Over 42 people are killed by members of Boko Haram at the College of Agriculture in Nigeria.

2013

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The special court in India convicted all 269 accused officials for atrocity on Dalits and 17 for rape in the Vachathi case.

2011

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The 8.1 Mw Samoa earthquake results in a tsunami that kills over 189 and injures hundreds.

2009

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The stock market crashes with the Dow Jones dropping a then record 778 points after the United States House of Representatives vote on the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act fails during the beginning stages of the Great Recession.

2008

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Calder Hall, the world's first commercial nuclear power station, is demolished in a controlled explosion.

2007

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A Boeing 737 and an Embraer 600 collide in mid-air, killing 154 people and triggering a Brazilian aviation crisis.

2006

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John Roberts is confirmed as Chief Justice of the United States.

2005

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The asteroid 4179 Toutatis passes within four lunar distances of Earth.

2004

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Burt Rutan's Ansari SpaceShipOne performs a successful spaceflight, the first of two required to win the Ansari X Prize.

2004

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Brazilian President Fernando Collor de Mello is impeached.

1992

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A Haitian coup d'état occurs.

1991

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Construction of the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul (better known as Washington National Cathedral) is completed in Washington, D.C.

1990

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The YF-22, which would later become the F-22 Raptor, flies for the first time.

1990

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The Tampere Hall, the largest concert and congress center in the Nordic countries, is inaugurated in Tampere, Finland.

1990

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NASA launches STS-26, the first Space Shuttle mission since the Challenger disaster.

1988

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An Iranian Air Force Lockheed C-130 Hercules military transport aircraft crashes into a firing range near Kahrizak, Iran, killing 80 people.

1981

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Equatorial Guinean dictator Francisco Macías Nguema is executed by soldiers from Western Sahara.

1979

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WGPR becomes the first black-owned-and-operated television station in the US.

1975

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Japan establishes diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China after breaking official ties with the Republic of China.

1972

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Oman joins the Arab League.

1971

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A Lockheed L-188 Electra crashes in Buffalo, Texas, killing 34 people.

1959

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The Kyshtym disaster is the third-worst nuclear accident ever recorded.

1957

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The convention establishing CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear Research) is signed.

1954

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During World War II, German forces, with the aid of local Ukrainian collaborators, begin the two-day Babi Yar massacre.

1941

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Two Avro Ansons collide in mid-air over New South Wales, Australia, remain locked together, then land safely.

1940

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Last day of the Battle of Boquerón between Paraguay and Bolivia during the Chaco War.

1932

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The Mandate for Palestine takes effect, creating Mandatory Palestine.

1923

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The Mandate for Syria and Lebanon takes effect.

1923

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The First American Track and Field championships for women are held.

1923

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Ukrainian War of Independence: The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic agree to a truce with the Makhnovshchina.

1920

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World War I: Bulgaria signs the Armistice of Salonica ending its participation.

1918

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World War I: The Hindenburg Line is broken by an Allied attack.

1918

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World War I: Germany's Supreme Army Command tells Kaiser Wilhelm II and Imperial Chancellor Georg Michaelis to open negotiations for an armistice to end the war.

1918

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Italy declares war on the Ottoman Empire, In this war , Italy gains Libya which ends Ottoman rule in North Africa .

1911

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The cornerstone is laid at the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul (better known as Washington National Cathedral) in Washington, D.C.

1907

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The first practical public electric tramway in the world is opened in Blackpool, England.

1885

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The Battle of Chaffin's Farm is fought in the American Civil War.

1864

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The Treaty of Lisbon defines the boundaries between Spain and Portugal and abolishes the Couto Misto microstate.

1864

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The Philippine port of Iloilo is opened to world trade by the Spanish administration.

1855

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The papal bull Universalis Ecclesiae restores the Roman Catholic hierarchy in England and Wales.

1850

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The Battle of Pákozd is a stalemate between Hungarian and Croatian forces and is the first battle of the Hungarian Revolution.

1848

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The Metropolitan Police of London, later also known as the Met, is founded.

1829

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The United States Department of War first establishes a regular army with a strength of several hundred men.

1789

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J. S. Bach leads the first performance of Es erhub sich ein Streit, BWV 130, for the feast of Michael, the archangel.

1726

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J. S. Bach leads the first performance of Herr Gott, dich loben alle wir, BWV 130 for the feast of archangel Michael, based on Paul Eber's hymn in twelve stanzas.

1724

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An earthquake strikes Antigua Guatemala, destroying much of the city's architecture.

1717

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The Cossacks of the Tsardom of Russia kill about 800 people overnight in Hailuoto during the Great Wrath.

1714

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Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki is crowned king following the 1669 Polish–Lithuanian royal election.

1669

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Tegucigalpa, capital city of Honduras, is claimed by the Spaniards.

1578

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During the French War of Religion, Protestant coup officials in Nîmes massacre Catholic priests in an event now known as the Michelade.

1567

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During the Hundred Years' War, Anglo-Breton forces defeat the Franco-Breton army in Brittany, ending the War of the Breton Succession.

1364

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The Treaty of Montgomery recognises Llywelyn ap Gruffudd as Prince of Wales, but only as a vassal of King Henry III.

1267

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Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, is excommunicated by Pope Gregory IX for his failure to participate in the Crusades during the Investiture Controversy.

1227

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Danes capture Canterbury after a siege, taking Ælfheah, archbishop of Canterbury, as a prisoner.

1011

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Pope Benedict III is restored by a popular uprising to the papacy after king Louis II of Italy tried to replace him with his favourite candidate.

855

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Consecration of pope Leo I, later called Leo the Great, following the death of pope Sixtus III in the month before.

440

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Pompey the Great celebrates his third triumph for victories over the pirates and the end of the Mithridatic Wars on his 45th birthday.

-61

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